Water is one of the most critical resources on a farm. Earth dams or ponds play a vital role in water storage for irrigation, livestock, aquaculture, & other agricultural uses. Leaks can lead to significant water loss, increased costs & also impact environment surrounding the dam. Early leak detection can save water, reduce maintenance costs, & ensure long-term sustainability.

 

 

Common Causes of Water Leaks

 

Poor Construction Techniques

When constructing a dam, soil compaction is crucial in long-lasting dam integrity. Improper compaction of soil can lead to weak spots where water can escape. These weak spots can be further exaggerated should the dam have periods where it has completely dried out & refilled.

 

Erosion & Natural Wear

Over time wind, rain, & changing water levels can wear down the dam’s structure. This creates cracks & weak points in the dam. These small cracks can lead to larger water leaks & can even become voids if not repaired.  

 

Animals

Various animals including yabbies & wombats can compromise the integrity of a dam’s walls & base. Depending on the animal, the impact may very but if left untreated, can cause further structural problems creating leaks & in extreme cases holes.

 

Seepage Through Porous Soil (Soil Type)

When sandy or gravelly soil is used when constructing a earth-based dam or pond, it can allow water to escape unless properly sealed with additional materials like super absorbent polymers.

 

Tree Root Penetration

Tree roots can grow into the dam structure over time, gradually expanding cracks & weakening the overall integrity. As roots continue to grow, they can create channels that facilitate water seepage, leading to significant water loss.

 

 

Signs That Your Earth-Based Dam or Pond Is Leaking

 

  • Drop in water levels: The water level begins to decrease more than expected due to evaporation.

 

  • Wet spots around the dam: Damp areas begin to occur on the outside wall or near the dam base. Unexplained wet areas slightly away from the dam can also be an indication of a leak.

 

  • Visible cracks or sinkholes: Structural damage like cracks or voids maybe partially visible from the water surface & extend further into the water & soil.

 

  • Waterlogged vegetation: Unusual plant growth in areas that mainly remain dry may indicate the presence of water coming from an underground leak.

 

Methods to Confirm Water Leaks

 

Detecting leaks in your dam or pond can require a combination of visual inspection, scientific testing, & monitoring techniques. The following methods have been used by farmers & water conservation experts to assess earth-based dam & ponds for leaks.

 

Visual Inspection

A visual inspect can be very helpful in pinpointing leaking areas. Water leaks often leave many visual signs that they are occurring. Walk around the dam or pond & look for signs of erosion, cracks, or excessive moisture in areas where water should not be present around the dam or pond.

 

Dye Testing

Introduce a non-toxic dye into the water. Monitor & observe where the colour appears, concentrates & flows. This can help locate leaks that may not be visible without the addition of the dye.

 

Water Level Monitoring

Mark & measure water levels at regular intervals. Compare these results with normal evaporation rates to detect unusual losses.

 

Soil Moisture Checks

Use soil probes or moisture meters to detect wet areas in areas around the dam. Consider the detection method before measuring the moisture of the soil in the dam, as not to create further water leaks.

 

Drain & Inspect

For severe leaks, draining the pond & examining the soil maybe needed to locate the areas for repair. This is often only needed in extreme cases or when a plastic liner is present.

 

 

Detecting & repairing leaks in earth dams & ponds is essential for effective water conservation & farm sustainability. By identifying the signs early & using the appropriate repair methods & products, such as Water$ave Dam Sealers, you can maintain a reliable water source for your farm.

 

If you would like some assistance in fixing your leaking dam or pond, Contact Us. One of our friendly Dam Experts can discuss your dam in detail, while offering advice on repairs & answer to any questions you may have.